Modern Physics is the branch of physics that deals with the post-Newtonian concepts in the world of physics. It typically includes topics such as relativity, quantum mechanics, atomic structure, nuclear physics, and particle physics.
Introduced by Einstein, it includes special and general relativity, dealing with motion at high speeds and gravity.
Study of particles at the atomic and subatomic scale, including wave-particle duality and quantum states.
Describes the structure of atoms, including electrons, protons, and neutrons, and their interactions.
Focuses on the nucleus of the atom, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, and applications like nuclear energy.
Energy-mass equivalence from Einstein's theory of relativity.
Energy of a photon where h is Planck’s constant and f is the frequency.
de Broglie relation: wavelength of a particle with momentum p.
Energy difference in electron transitions in the hydrogen atom.
Solution: E = hf = 6.63×10⁻³⁴ × 5×10¹⁴ = 3.315×10⁻¹⁹ J
Solution: E = mc² = 0.001 × (3×10⁸)² = 9×10¹³ J
Solution: λ = h/p = 6.63×10⁻³⁴ / (9.11×10⁻³¹ × 2×10⁶) ≈ 3.63×10⁻¹⁰ m